Overnight and low-dose dexamethasone suppression tests showed no suppression of serum cortisol, indicating a secondary diagnosis of subclinical Cushing syndrome. The serum aldosterone/renin ratio was elevated and the saline loading test showed no suppression of the plasma aldosterone level, consistent with a diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism. Certain steroid in this aspect like DHEA-S has some therapeutic consideration recently as women deficient in these can have distinct symptoms.A 31-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with symptoms of hypertension and bilateral adrenocortical masses with no feature of Cushing syndrome. The adrenal gland also secretes certain amounts of Sex steroids in both men and women, this in addition to those produced by Testes and Ovaries. They are called Adrenaline and Nor-Adrenaline.
They are responsible for the fight or flight response seen during a stressful situation. The medullary hormones are mainly responsible for the maintenance of blood pressure, heart rate, and heart function. It is the main hormone that controls the electrolytes and water along with a small contribution from cortisone. This helps to maintain the proper balance of these important ions. The hormone aldosterone acts on the kidney to cause increased reabsorption of sodium and water with increased excretion of potassium. It causes protein and fat breakdown to ensure that more amino acids and triglycerides are available for conversion to glucose by the liver. This hormone mainly increases the glucose concentration of the blood by causing the liver to produce more glucose. It contributes towards the control of water and electrolyte concentrations. Aldosterone is controlled by the body’s sodium, potassium and water concentrations.ĭiseases resulting from abnormalities of this pituitary and adrenal axis either cause a deficiency status or excess status of the hormone cortisol.Īdrenal Cortex produces Cortisol that regulates glucose, protein, and fat metabolism. ACTH is itself secreted under control of the hypothalamic peptide corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).
The adrenal cortex also makes sex hormones but in small amount.Ĭontrol of Secretion: Cortisol is secreted in response to a stimulating hormone called adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the master gland ‘pituitary’ situated in the brain. The adrenal cortex produces cortisol (glucocorticoid) and Aldosterone. The medulla is responsible for producing epinephrine and nor epinephrine (Adrenaline and Nor-Adrenaline)).
Structurally each gland consists of a medulla (the center of the gland), which is surrounded by the cortex. They measure about one-half inch in height and 3 inches in length. The adrenal glands are triangular shaped hormone-producing glands situated on top of the kidneys.
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